Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
41194 => 4 1 1 9 4
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
4 to 1 = 3
1 to 1 = 0
1 to 9 = 8
9 to 4 = 5
4 to 4 = 0
Step 3: Combine the filters to a string:
3 0 8 5 0 = 30850