Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
52686 => 5 2 6 8 6
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
5 to 2 = 3
2 to 6 = 4
6 to 8 = 2
8 to 6 = 2
6 to 5 = 1
Step 3: Combine the filters to a string:
3 4 2 2 1 = 34221