Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
0588 => 0 5 8 8
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
0 to 5 = 5
5 to 8 = 3
8 to 8 = 0
8 to 0 = 8
Step 3: Combine the filters to a string:
5 3 0 8 = 5308