Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
00139 => 0 0 1 3 9
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
0 to 0 = 0
0 to 1 = 1
1 to 3 = 2
3 to 9 = 6
9 to 0 = 9
Step 3: Combine the filters to a string:
0 1 2 6 9 = 01269