Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
4975 => 4 9 7 5
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
4 to 9 = 5
9 to 7 = 2
7 to 5 = 2
5 to 4 = 1
Step 3: Combine the filters to a string:
5 2 2 1 = 5221