Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
7859 => 7 8 5 9
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
7 to 8 = 1
8 to 5 = 3
5 to 9 = 4
9 to 7 = 2
Step 3: Combine the filters to a string:
1 3 4 2 = 1342