Step 1: Divide the number into separate digits:
0783 => 0 7 8 3
Step 2: Calculate the distance between each digit and the next (the last digit with the first):
0 to 7 = 7
7 to 8 = 1
8 to 3 = 5
3 to 0 = 3
Step 3: Combine the filters to a string:
7 1 5 3 = 7153